The KVN-49 black-and-white television receiver was produced from the beginning of 1949.
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Famous manufacturers: Aleksandrovskiy radiozavod.
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Baku Radio Plant.
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Voronezh plant "Electrosignal".
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Kiev plant "Mayak".
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Leningrad plant "Russia".
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Leningrad Research Institute of Television.
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Moscow Radio Plant.
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Novgorod plant "Quant".
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One of the first mass-produced serial TVs was the KVN-49, developed at the Leningrad Research Institute of Television in 1947 and produced at its pilot plant in 1948 in an amount of 20 pieces.
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The combination "KVN" came from the first letters of the names of the developers: V.K.Kenigson, N.M. Varshavsky and I.A. Nikolaevsky, and the digital addition "49" was the year of the start of production.
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It is very difficult to understand the letters and numbers after "49", since the first televisions were called "KVN-49" (T-1) and "KVN-49" and "KVN-49-1", there were also upgrades "KVN-49
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-A "and" KVN-49-B ".
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The first we will consider all the same TV "KVN-49-1", which is a 16-tube receiver of direct amplification.
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The use of such a scheme for the image channel made it possible to achieve clarity and stability of the picture, as well as the use of the separation between the carrier frequencies of the image and sound as IF sound, the number of radio tubes in the receiver and its cost was reduced.
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The KVN-49-1 TV set is designed for reception in any of 3 channels.
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An image of 105x140 mm is reproduced on the screen of the LK-715-A picture tube, which was soon replaced by the 18LK1B.
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The sound is reproduced by the 1GD-1 loudspeaker.
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The TV is powered from an alternating current network: 110, 127 or 220 V. Power consumption is 220 W.
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The TV is made in a desktop design with dimensions 380x400x490 mm and weighing 29 kg.
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The TV has 11 control knobs, of which four main ones are displayed on the front wall, this is the contrast and volume on the left (bottom), on the right is the mains switch, combined with brightness and focusing (bottom), the remaining 7 knobs are located on the right, on the side wall.
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On the rear wall there are: antenna terminals, program switch, mains switching block and fuse.
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,null,ru,null,null,null,nullThe sensitivity of the TV for the image and sound channels is 800 ... 1000 μV.
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Image resolution 350 ... 400 lines.
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At the end of the transmission, the TV was automatically disconnected from the network.
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Until 1951, a small series of televisions had the ability to receive programs in 2 standards, 441 and 625 lines.
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TV set "KVN-49-A".
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Developed in 1948.
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Serial production since 1949. The next modification of the TV, which has not yet been mass-produced, was the KVN-49-A model.
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The entire modernization was reduced to the installation of a new picture tube of the 18 LK4B type and the completion of the electrical circuit.
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In this TV, it was practically possible to get rid of the alternating current background heard in the loudspeaker of the previous model, but due to the unsuccessful sound detector circuit without the use of an amplitude limiter, the rumble of frame sync pulses was now heard in the speaker.
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There were other flaws that were also characteristic of the first model, this was the creation of a horizontal scan of interference to radio reception in a radius of up to 300 meters, the low quality of radio components, radio tubes, panels for radio tubes and a kinescope, on which an ion spot appeared and emission loss after several months of operation.
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TV set "KVN-49-B".
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Developed in 1948.
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Serial production since 1949. In this version, there was a negative bias bus, a circuit for recovering the DC component of the video signal, a diode discriminator, and other important improvements.
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The power consumption from the mains has decreased by 20 W, the synchronization and picture quality have improved, the hateful rumble from the TV speaker has disappeared.
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The tuning of the UHF circuits in the TV is made with brass cores instead of trimming capacitors;
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each channel has a separate circuit for attenuating audio signals;
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a diode detector (instead of an anode one) is used as an amplitude detector, the second half of the diode detector lamp is used to restore the constant component supplied to the control electrode of the receiving tube for automatic adjustment of the average image brightness;
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the deploying devices are covered with a cover-screen in order to reduce interference from the TV to the nearby broadcasting receivers;
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there is no potentiometer for adjusting the level of synchronization signals and an interlamp transformer in the bass amplifier.
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,null,ru,null,null,null,nullThe KVN-49B TV uses a new 18 LK5B receiver tube with an ion trap. KVN-49-4 TV set.
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Serial production since 1953. Since the beginning of 1953, the most massive TV KVN-49-4, modernized at the Moscow Radio Plant in 1952, which was produced by several factories in the country until 1962, went into series.
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In the model, the linearity of the line sweep has been improved, the voltage at the anode of the kinescope has been increased, the clarity of the image at the edges of the screen has been improved, and the loudspeaker has been replaced.
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Improved editing and quality.
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Changing the serial power of the focusing coil to parallel reduced the total current consumption by 15 mA and increased the smoothness of adjusting the focusing of the image regardless of brightness.
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The sensitivity adjustment knob is excluded.
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An additional resistance was introduced into the negative wire of the secondary winding of the power transformer, which reduced the value of the pulse value of the anode current at the moment of switching on and thereby facilitated the kenotron mode.
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Some radio components are excluded from the diagram.
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From the beginning of production, a kinescope "18 LK5B" was used on the TV, then an improved "18 LK7B" or "18 LK15" with an ion trap.
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And by the way, they often used a kinescope that was available.
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All factories produced 1.3 million KVN-49-4 TV sets.
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TV set "KVN-49-4A".
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Small-scale production since 1954. One of the four factories that produced in parallel the KVN-49-4 TV set at the beginning of 1954 carried out another modernization of the TV, which received the name of the letter A.
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The TV began to be referred to as KVN-49-4A.
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Changes were noticed in the electrical circuit, another applied kinescope.
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More details of what the letter "A" gave to the TV "KVN-49-4" can be found in the description of the model. TV "KVN-49-M".
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Small-scale production since 1954. A small series was released 17-tube TV `` KVN-49-M '' in design similar to the previous one, with the exception of the line scan unit, the circuit of which was significantly changed in order to increase the voltage of the kinescope anode.
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,null,ru,null,null,null,nullA new already larger picture tube ''23 LK1B' 'or' '23 LK2B '' with an image size of 135x180 mm and an ion trap was installed in the TV.
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