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Since 1984, the Electronika VM-12 video cassette recorder has been produced by the Voronezh NPO Elektronika, the Voronezh Videophone Plant, the Leningrad PO Positron Production Association, the Radon Marx Factory and the Spektr Novgorod Plant. VM-12 is a copy of the Japanese video recorder `` Panasonic NV-2000 '' released back in 1975. The household VM `` Electronics VM-12 '' is designed to record color and b / w TV programs directly from the antenna (using the built-in tuner) or video programs from any video source in PAL and SECAM systems to magnetic tape in VK-30 cassettes, VK-120 or VK-180 and their subsequent playback on 6 ... 7 channels of the MV range of the TV or via video output. Inclined-line video recording system using two rotating video heads. VM provides erasing video programs, rewinding a tape, listening to sound on headphones, slow or fast video playback, short-term tape stop during recording and playback. There is a tape consumption counter and timer, with an electronic clock and setting the start and end time of the recording of the selected TV program for 14 days. VMs were produced in three faceplate and case designs painted in silver, black, milk or combined colors, including those with horizontal buttons. The speed of the tape is 2,339 cm / s. Knock coefficient ± 0.5%. The range of sound frequencies is 100 ... 8000 Hz. Resolution of the channel of brightness is 240 lines. The output voltage of the audio signal is 0.2 V, the video signal is ~ 1.5 V. Power consumption is 43 W. Dimensions VM - 480x367x136 mm. Its mass is 10 kg. Experienced VMs under the name "Electronics Video-82" were released at the end of 1982. Since the beginning of the 90s, to reduce the cost of models, modernized versions of Electronics VM-12A (also known as Electronics VMTS-16) without a TV tuner and RF modulator and Electronics VM-12D with an output video signal in DMV have been produced.